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A CET-4 style passage on sharing bikes, power banks and textbooks on campus, weighing the benefits against the problems.
Write the whole sentence you hear.
, . . , , . . , . . . , . ! . . , . , . , . , . , . , . . . , , . , . , ? , , . , . , . , .
The structures this recording uses most, with the exact words you will hear:
| Structure | In the recording |
|---|---|
| Passive voiceIntermediatebe + past participle — the focus is on what happens, not who does it |
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| Present perfectIntermediatehave/has + past participle — a past action that still matters now |
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| “Unless / in case / as long as”Intermediateunless, in case, as long as, provided that, even if — other ways to state a condition |
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| Possibility with “might / may”Intermediatemight/may + verb — something that is possible but not certain |
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| Preposition + -ingIntermediateby / without / before / after + -ing — a verb after a preposition takes -ing |
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| Present continuousBeginneram/is/are + -ing — something happening right now or around now |
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| Future with “will”Beginnerwill + verb — a decision, promise or prediction |
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| Obligation: must / have to / need toBeginnersaying that something is necessary |
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| Phrasal verbsIntermediategive up, find out, end up, come up with — a verb + particle with its own meaning |
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| QuantifiersBeginnera few / a little, much / many, a lot of, plenty of, none of — saying how much or how many |
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| Verb + prepositionIntermediatedepend on, listen to, wait for, deal with — verbs with a fixed preposition |
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| Ability with “can / could”Beginnercan/could + verb — what someone is able to do, or could do in the past |
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