CET-6 Listening Passages: The Dunning–Kruger Effect and the IKEA Effect

Passage One.

Teks satu.

Have you ever met someone who was confident and completely wrong?

Pernahkah kamu bertemu orang yang sangat percaya diri tapi sepenuhnya salah?

Psychologists have a name for this.

Para psikolog punya nama untuk hal ini.

In 1999, David Dunning and Justin Kruger tested students at Cornell University.

Pada 1999, David Dunning dan Justin Kruger menguji mahasiswa di Cornell University.

The tests covered grammar, logical reasoning and even humour.

Tesnya mencakup tata bahasa, penalaran logis, bahkan selera humor.

Afterwards, the students guessed how well they had done compared with others.

Setelah itu, para mahasiswa menebak seberapa baik hasil mereka dibandingkan yang lain.

Those with the lowest scores believed they had done better than most of their classmates!

Mereka yang nilainya paling rendah justru yakin hasilnya lebih baik daripada kebanyakan teman sekelas!

The reason is simple, and a little uncomfortable.

Alasannya sederhana, dan sedikit tidak enak didengar.

The skills you need to do a task well are the same skills you need to spot your mistakes.

Keterampilan yang dibutuhkan untuk mengerjakan tugas dengan baik sama dengan keterampilan untuk menyadari kesalahan sendiri.

Interestingly, the best students slightly underestimated themselves.

Menariknya, mahasiswa terbaik justru sedikit meremehkan dirinya.

Questions nine to eleven are based on the passage you have just heard.

Soal 9 sampai 11 didasarkan pada teks yang baru saja kamu dengar.

Question nine. What did the students do after the tests?

Soal 9. Apa yang dilakukan mahasiswa setelah tes?

Question ten. What did the researchers find about the students with the lowest scores?

Soal 10. Apa temuan peneliti tentang mahasiswa dengan nilai terendah?

Question eleven. Why do unskilled people fail to see their mistakes?

Soal 11. Mengapa orang yang kurang terampil tidak menyadari kesalahannya?

Passage Two.

Teks dua.

Why does a shelf you built yourself feel so special, even if it's a little crooked?

Mengapa rak yang kamu rakit sendiri terasa begitu istimewa, meski agak miring?

In 2012, Michael Norton and his colleagues published a study on exactly this.

Pada 2012, Michael Norton dan rekan-rekannya menerbitkan studi tentang hal ini.

They asked people to put together simple storage boxes from flat-pack furniture.

Mereka meminta orang-orang merakit kotak penyimpanan sederhana dari furnitur bongkar pasang.

Afterwards, the builders were willing to pay much more for their own box

Setelah itu, mereka yang merakit bersedia membayar jauh lebih mahal untuk kotak mereka sendiri

than other people would pay for an identical box that was already built.

dibanding harga yang mau dibayar orang lain untuk kotak serupa yang sudah jadi.

The researchers called it the IKEA effect.

Para peneliti menyebutnya efek IKEA.

They found the same thing with origami.

Mereka menemukan hal yang sama pada origami.

People valued their own clumsy paper birds almost as much as an expert's work.

Orang-orang menghargai burung kertas buatan mereka yang kikuk hampir setara dengan karya seorang ahli.

But there was one condition: the task had to be finished.

Tapi ada satu syarat: tugas itu harus selesai.

When people left the job unfinished, the effect disappeared.

Saat orang membiarkan pekerjaannya tidak selesai, efek itu hilang.

Questions twelve to fifteen are based on the passage you have just heard.

Soal 12 sampai 15 didasarkan pada teks yang baru saja kamu dengar.

Question twelve. What did the people in the study build?

Soal 12. Apa yang dirakit orang-orang dalam studi itu?

Question thirteen. How did the builders value their own boxes?

Soal 13. Bagaimana para perakit menilai kotak mereka sendiri?

Question fourteen. What did the researchers find with origami?

Soal 14. Apa temuan peneliti terkait origami?

Question fifteen. When did the IKEA effect disappear?

Soal 15. Kapan efek IKEA menghilang?

So be careful how much you trust your own confidence,

Jadi berhati-hatilah dalam memercayai rasa percaya dirimu sendiri,

and how much you love your own bookshelf!

dan seberapa besar kamu menyayangi rak buku buatanmu!