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A candidate discusses how families are changing: smaller households, involved fathers, parental leave, grandparents and the future of the family.
Write the whole sentence you hear.
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The structures this recording uses most, with the exact words you will hear:
| Structure | In the recording |
|---|---|
| Present perfect continuousAdvancedhave/has been + -ing — an action that started earlier and is still going on |
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| Present perfectIntermediatehave/has + past participle — a past action that still matters now |
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| Although / though / despiteIntermediatealthough/even though + clause, despite/in spite of + noun or -ing — a contrast |
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| Advice with “should”Beginnershould + verb — saying what is a good idea |
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| Comparative + much / a bit / farIntermediatemuch better, a bit cheaper, far more expensive — how big the difference is |
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| Future with “will”Beginnerwill + verb — a decision, promise or prediction |
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| “Would like” for polite wishesBeginnerwould like / 'd like + to-verb — a polite way to say what you want |
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| “Be able to”Beginnerbe able to + verb — ability, in any tense |
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| Preposition + -ingIntermediateby / without / before / after + -ing — a verb after a preposition takes -ing |
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| During vs whileIntermediateduring + noun, while + clause — at the same time as |
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| QuantifiersBeginnera few / a little, much / many, a lot of, plenty of, none of — saying how much or how many |
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| Ability with “can / could”Beginnercan/could + verb — what someone is able to do, or could do in the past |
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| Past simple (irregular verbs)Beginnerwent, saw, took… — a finished action in the past, with an irregular verb |
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| Prepositions of time: at / on / inBeginnerat 7 o'clock, on Monday, in the morning / in 2020 — which word goes with which time |
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| Verb + prepositionIntermediatedepend on, listen to, wait for, deal with — verbs with a fixed preposition |
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