American Places – Gettysburg, Pennsylvania

The Gettysburg National Military Park is in the small town of Gettysburg in the eastern state of Pennsylvania.

蓋茲堡國家軍事公園位於東部賓州的小鎮蓋茲堡。

Much of the area around Gettysburg still looks like it did in the 1860s, during the American Civil War.

蓋茲堡周邊的大部分地區看起來仍像19世紀60年代美國南北戰爭時期一樣。

The town is in the middle of good farmland.

這個小鎮位於一片良田之中。

Roads pass through Gettysburg that lead to Baltimore, Washington, D.C., and other eastern cities.

穿過蓋茲堡的道路通往巴爾的摩、華盛頓特區和其他東部城市。

It is hard to believe that two huge armies fought there.

很難相信兩支龐大的軍隊曾在那裡交戰。

One fighting force was the United States Army of the Potomac, commanded by General George Meade.

一方是由喬治·米德將軍指揮的美國波托馬克軍團。

The other was the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia led by General Robert E.

另一方是由羅伯特·E將軍率領的南方邦聯北維吉尼亞軍團。

Lee's troops had moved north into Pennsylvania from Virginia.

李的部隊已從維吉尼亞向北進入賓州。

The battle of Gettysburg began on July 1, 1863.

蓋茲堡戰役於1863年7月1日打響。

About 170,000 soldiers fought for three days.

約17萬名士兵激戰了三天。

When it ended on July 3, more than 50,000 soldiers were dead, wounded or missing.

7月3日戰鬥結束時，超過5萬名士兵陣亡、受傷或失蹤。

Lee's army lost the battle.

李的軍隊輸掉了這場戰役。

Many visitors start their visit to Gettysburg at the Gettysburg Museum of the Civil War.

許多遊客從蓋茲堡南北戰爭博物館開始他們的蓋茲堡之旅。

The museum has a large collection of Civil War objects.

博物館收藏了大量南北戰爭時期的物品。

The museum has more than 1 million artifacts, from soldiers’ private notebooks and clothing to maps of the battlefield.

博物館有100多萬件文物，從士兵的私人筆記本和衣物到戰場地圖，應有盡有。

The museum also houses the Gettysburg cyclorama painting.

博物館還收藏著蓋茲堡環形全景畫。

This kind of artwork completely surrounds the people looking at it.

這種藝術作品會把觀看者完全環繞起來。

The painting shows the artist's vision of the final major attack of the battle on July 3, 1863.

這幅畫呈現了畫家眼中1863年7月3日戰役的最後一次大規模進攻。

Over time, it has come to be called Pickett's Charge.

隨著時間推移，這次進攻被稱為「皮克特衝鋒」。

George Pickett was one of several Confederate commanders ordered to make the charge.

喬治·皮克特是奉命發起衝鋒的幾位南方邦聯指揮官之一。

The Confederate soldiers reached a point close to the northern lines and headquarters.

南方邦聯士兵一度逼近北方的防線和指揮部。

Northern forces then turned the Confederates back.

隨後，北方軍隊擊退了南方邦聯軍。

The charge failed.

這次衝鋒失敗了。

Southern forces would never again reach so far north.

南方軍隊再也沒有推進到那麼遠的北方。

Soon after the battle, people began to visit Gettysburg to try to understand what happened there.

戰役結束後不久，人們就開始前往蓋茲堡，試圖了解那裡發生了什麼。

One of those visitors, on November 19, 1863, was President Abraham Lincoln.

1863年11月19日，其中一位訪客就是亞伯拉罕·林肯總統。

Lincoln spoke for just two minutes.

林肯只講了兩分鐘。

But his speech, known as “The Gettysburg Address,” is one of the most famous pieces of American oratory.

但他的演講，即著名的「蓋茲堡演說」，是美國最著名的演說之一。

I'm Mario Ritter, Jr.

我是小馬里奧·里特。